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Not all homophonic substitutions can be auto-solved

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Jarlve
(@jarlve)
Posts: 2547
Famed Member
 

Norse,

Not that I’m aware of (not good with terms). Maybe we could call them tokens?

Jumping a bit ahead. I like the idea in relation to the 340. But such a scheme, even partially, would greatly increase bigrams/trigrams counts. In the 340 the opposite is actual, more or less.

But still an interesting idea that could be expanded on, reversed.

For instance:

LL = ++
TT = M+

AZdecrypt

 
Posted : July 14, 2015 12:18 am
doranchak
(@doranchak)
Posts: 2614
Member Admin
 

@daikon, you really should come back and make another challenge cipher. This time with similarly repetitive plaintext but with unpredictable homophone cycles. :)

http://zodiackillerciphers.com

 
Posted : January 27, 2016 4:05 pm
(@largo)
Posts: 454
Honorable Member
 

Hi!

Maybe you want to try to solve the following cipher? (I will call it „Largo_04“)
It is written in normal reading direction. Homophonic symbols are non-cyclic (choosen by random). No fillers or fake letters were used. No transposition was applied. The plaintext is maybe not the kind of text that you would expect but it is a valid message without abbreviations or misspelled words. It contains something that should prevent autosolvers from solving it. And no…it is not a german text ;)
I have not tried to resemble the characteristics of z340 since I just want to test an idea I had some days ago. If you are not able to break the cipher we maybe have a clue why z340 is not solvable. I have tried to solve Largo_04 with zkdecrypto and AZDecrypt without success. Unfortunately I have not so much experience with these tools and usually I just press the „solve“ buttons. In zkdecrypto I have also used the file for cribs and userdict. I am curious what you guys can do with the following test cipher. Probably you will break it within a minute.
The strange thing is that AZDecrypt produces a quite high scoring but the result contains no readable (valid) parts. Here we go:

C0m0CRn2UAr7KdUZ4
SFU-NyI14+IQEdajV
dJGTSKzgQMg5VfABF
L6klDRlDCCnoW8M3h
UgqKOJ24b87G4drgB
i+3tPmDw0CunGKebP
dUe7XbpV-3d8ABt37
pkx0xlDCungPKKB1U
LhpSJP+N+IdzbXItq
2zI5B1qiEWE2ZN+VU
zIABFL+vDmDCwndjM
Yr+8tp7736fSdZ3oW
zpYZjF8sLAYLPMUoi
-c2XSFGgBFL6JPcDx
v0CwngMBT6WQ2KS8Y
15+doEo8Y4sJWOc57
IbTY1OhUgBiS3tOkl
DkkDCwncfL1GK46Ec
7rJ4I3UWrXFWKJgBF
LyHUI3NonwDJtcInl
 
Posted : August 28, 2016 9:07 pm
smokie treats
(@smokie-treats)
Posts: 1626
Noble Member
 

I tried to solve Largo_04 with AZD on progressive mode for 57 attempts, and the solver locked in on this:

Score: 21504 Ioc: 718 M: 185 C: 340 S: 63

lanallystbertstho
ngtiandsondeasout
stsanteherhotobeg
icncalcallytheren
thatitsomersosehe
rnedonalallystomo
storimitiesebeder
insascallyhottest
inintonandsemidda
sedoesarahashantt
edbegincanallysur
renedirreconsheth
eirhugefibriorttr
ipsingshegictopas
callyhreachestner
sonstaterofthipor
dmarsinthernedinc
annallypoisstocap
retodetheighttheg
instdeatylatdpdyc

It looks like there may be a lot of repeated phrases. I marked some consistencies in red.

 
Posted : August 29, 2016 1:02 am
(@largo)
Posts: 454
Honorable Member
 

Hi!

Thanks for trying to break my cipher smokie treats!
Is someone trying to solve it at the moment or do you want me to post the solution so that we can discuss how to auto-solve a message like Largo_04?

Maybe a small hint:
The repeating pattern "ally" does not represent an exactly repeated pattern in the plaintext. The parts are similar to each other but differ a bit.

 
Posted : September 1, 2016 9:50 pm
doranchak
(@doranchak)
Posts: 2614
Member Admin
 

I gave it a try in azdecrypt as well and failed. I want to try other ideas but I probably won’t find time to implement them.

http://zodiackillerciphers.com

 
Posted : September 1, 2016 10:33 pm
(@largo)
Posts: 454
Honorable Member
 

Hi,
since the last weeks has not happened very much I will post the solution to largo_04. I had the idea that Z maybe used numbers and letters like ":" or "-". That could be the case when he enciphered a list of victims and dates of killings. Such a text could look like this:

6-4-63:ROBERTDOMI
NGOSANDLINDAEDWAR
DSSANTABARBARABYG
UN10-30-66:CHERIJ
OBATESRIVERSIDEBY
KNIFE4-9-68:STEVE
DOERIVERSIDEBYFIR
E12-20-68:BETTYLO
UJENSENANDDAVIDFA
RADAYLAKEHERMANRO
ADBYGUN7-4-69:DAR
LENEFERRINANDMICH
AELMAGEAUBLUEROCK
SPRINGSBYGUNSEP-2
7-69:BRYANHARTNEL
LANDCECELIASHEPAR
DVALLEJOBYKNIFE10
-11-69:PAULSTINEP
RESIDIOHEIGHTSBYG
UNZODIAC:9-SFPD:0

To break ciphers like these I created my own 5gram corpora for AZDecrypt. I looked for lists with fore- and surnames (male/female) and their frequencies. Additionally I used all Zodiac letters as a source for the 5grams. But when I used numbers or special characters AZDecrypt crashed. It seems it can only handle letters from A to Z. Unfortunately we can not do very much without Jarlves help or the source code :(
Maybe anyone has an idea how to solve ciphers like these? What do you think….could this be the reason why z340 remains unsolved?

 
Posted : October 3, 2016 9:43 pm
doranchak
(@doranchak)
Posts: 2614
Member Admin
 

I recall some other plaintexts similar to yours that were just lists of names or places. They, too, could not be cracked by auto-solvers. So, it’s certainly a hypothesis that can’t easily be ruled out yet, until we have solvers that can break them. I do have the source for AZDecrypt (in FreeBASIC). Message me if you want it. I hope to one day port it to a web application so it is easier for everyone to use (such as going to a web site and simply pasting in the cipher text, then clicking "Solve").

http://zodiackillerciphers.com

 
Posted : October 4, 2016 7:34 pm
(@bartw)
Posts: 54
Trusted Member
 

I have been experimenting lately with checker board cipher where for ease of explanation a x y grid gives a plain text symbol whos location is defined by either 1 but mostly 2 cipher text symbols. This thinking has been seeded also due to the odd/even artifact of z340. A cipher such as this usually cater for space, punctuation and number symbols.
One experiment i wish to do is an xy heat map to see if there are any insights or anomalies. However being under a homophonic will likely mask any features.

Regards
Bart

 
Posted : November 12, 2016 1:00 pm
doranchak
(@doranchak)
Posts: 2614
Member Admin
 

Interesting idea, Bart. I wonder what it will turn up. Been meaning to go through all the ACA cipher types via https://github.com/WilliamMason/crypto-py and see how many of them have similar stats/anomalies as Z340.

Is the checkerboard cipher implemented on http://acaencodedecode.appspot.com/ the same cipher you’re considering?

http://zodiackillerciphers.com

 
Posted : November 12, 2016 2:23 pm
(@bartw)
Posts: 54
Trusted Member
 

Hi David.
Not really but checker boards have a broad interpretation and there are many that could be classed as sush.
The work i was looking at was unrelated to z340 however had some interesting quirks such as odd even phobia depending on the key set used which has been puzzling me for some time and that i see as a significant artifact.
Largo mentioned being able to encode extra symbols and so sparked my comment.
Attached is the checker i was using but there are many other types have been use for years by spys and the like.
Depending on the grid size many single symbols including bri grams etc can be encoded.
As noted in the attached a single symbol index exsist making it somewhat harder to attack the ciphertext.

 
Posted : November 12, 2016 4:52 pm
Jarlve
(@jarlve)
Posts: 2547
Famed Member
 

Hey Largo,

doranchak told me you are working on a rewrite of AZdecrypt and I hope the new release will not discourage your project. It would be great to see another solver. Also, AZdecrypt now supports custom ngram alphabets, so you can make ngrams with numbers and/or whatever ASCII characters you wish.

I like your ciphers and included some with AZdecrypt if you don’t mind. Do you also have your second and third cipher available? Just for the record, largo4 solves to about 74% accuracy if you increase the ioc weight in AZdecrypt 1.0 to 15+ and should also solve in the older versions if you play around with the weights.

Score: 16058.97754174793 Ioc: 0.05535311469720632

FOROFWAROBERTDOMI
NGOSANDLINDUEDWAR
DSSINTABULBARABYG
UNSHOWHOFFACHELIT
OBITESRIVERSIDEBY
KNIVEROMOFFASTOVE
DOORIVERSIDEBYVIR
ESTOTHOFFABETTYLO
UTENSENANDDAVIDVI
RADAYLIKEHERMANRO
ADBYGUNTOROFMADAL
LENEVERRINANDMICH
AELMAGEPUBLUELOCK
SPRINGSBYGUNSEPOT
TOFMABLYINHURTNEL
LANDCECELIPSHEPAR
DVILLETOBYKNIVESH
OSSOFMAPAULSTINEP
RESIDIOHEIGHTSBYG
UNTODIACAMOSVPDAH

AZdecrypt

 
Posted : December 1, 2016 4:02 pm
doranchak
(@doranchak)
Posts: 2614
Member Admin
 

Hi Jarlve! It is really great to see you back here. I look forward to your new releases and posts!

http://zodiackillerciphers.com

 
Posted : December 1, 2016 4:14 pm
(@largo)
Posts: 454
Honorable Member
 

Hi Jarlve,

yes, I try to create a command line version of your solver in C++. Since I wrote a library in python to test my transpositioning ideas it would be great to send my results directly to your solver instead of starting a gui. If I had a command line version I also could "evolve" my ideas or use some kind of hill climbing instead of testing all permutations.

I am really pleased that you have included my test ciphers into AZDecrypt. Largo_02 and Largo_03 were some earlier attempts to trick AZDecrypt, but AZDecrypt won ;) Here are the ciphers:

Largo_02 (I can not remember if I had created a cyclic or a non cyclic version):

kdQIBhdtiHiT9ysLT
uXrm#q107kdtug7xh
3nn5GUIjPUZJgdrea
b5u5ZMFfYZRB9VTdq
2DVLAyuuYdruKwIA3
tX4Pn8kXU5AJXoeFg
nCX9dsyzjZL2ugfqm
XFA1BXAqDuZ1KuXqq
5+myZqU#nRINLmX2q
zlIGHugmXTefzlcAH
u+YiwRcb5ZDjcGEht
DAbcGgsVCU9uxj+nn
Td7GERZ2ZUmZUPMUc
b2D#uEyRBG#VmXTba
lDujPtauCWi4xLp+t
qM8gCqAcjj59aG#BI
bNzSKdqUeuZrJpu5q
eCqHTu#PUguu5Giq7
90V7IeyBvqeiABZGc
gulCuucDUzmZA0HX+

Largo_02 plaintext:

DAVIDFARADAYBETTY
LOUJENSENDARLENEF
ERRINMIKEMAGEAUCE
CILIASHEPARDBRYAN
HARTNELLPAULSTINE
ROBERTDOMINGOSCHE
RIOBATESKATHLEENJ
OHNSDONNALASSLONN
IEJEANMERRITTJOHN
SWINDLEJOYCESWIND
LEPATRICIAAKINGFR
ANCINETRIMBLEKERR
YANNGRAHAMJAMESMI
CHAELGERDNERJOYCE
WALKERELIZABETHER
NSTEINNIKKIBENEDI
CTSUSANMCLAUGHLIN
CINDYLEEMELLINANN
BERNICEDUNCANDANI
ELWILLIAMSJANEDOE

Largo_03 – Cyclic Version:

CDm0CRnMUgeVKdUZX
yFUGfSIY3+djpIaq2
dJArosZEZBt47-KG1
zbHJ-N6KQgTMA5Vfg
BFLyklDRl0CCnoWO2
XhUAjKPG73b8MJ4Ie
gBiSXtpkxDxl0CunA
rKKBYULhE+-H6qydI
sb3dtzVNIQB1TiOWP
2Z5S7UfdgBFL+vDm0
CwnIjMY86etpV24yq
SdZXoWsr1ZzFENLAY
LH7UoiGcM3+FJgBFL
6-OcDxv0CwnAVBQyW
T2KSP1Y5+Io8oe14f
GWpcj7dbqY1rhUgBi
6XtEklDkk0CwncsLY
JK3yHcMO-4IXUWP3F
WKGABFLSW8azJKWeV
pZN4+X6FZQ1r-YTbE

Largo_03 – Non Cyclic Version:

CDmDCRn7UgeVKdUZ3
SFUJQ+IY4SIqPdas2
I-AEozZEZBtXMJKG1
qbp-GQSKNAT7AjVjg
BFLSkl0Rl0CCnoWeM
XhUgjKOG2XbH7J3Ip
ABi64tpkx0xl0Cung
EKKB1ULhP+Ge+z+II
TbXdtjVfdQB1NiPWH
MZQ6VU5IABFLSv0m0
CwnIj21EyHtp2236z
6IZ4oWsr1ZsFOQLA1
LE2Uoi-cV36FJgBFL
y-rc0xv0CwngMBqSW
qMK6rY1j+doHo814N
JWrcNVdbz1YOhUgBi
S3tpklDkkDCwnc5LY
GKXyrcVr-3IXUW84F
WKGABFL+WpajGKW87
PZTXS4yFZT18-1qbr

Largo_03 Plaintext:

6-4-63:ROBERTDOMI
NGOSANDLINDAEDWAR
DSBECAMEMYFIRSTSL
AVESSANTABARBARAB
YGUN10-30-66:CHER
IJOBATESRIVERSIDE
BYKNIFE12-20-68:B
ETTYLOUJENSENANDD
AVIDFARADAYLAKEHE
RMANROADBYGUN7-4-
69:DARLENEFERRINA
NDMICHAELMAGEAUBL
UEROCKSPRINGSBYGU
NSEP-27-69:BRYANH
ARTNELLANDCECELIA
SHEPARDVALLEJOBYK
NIFE10-11-69:PAUL
STINEPRESIDIOHEIG
HTSBYGUNHEWASTHER
EMAININGMALESLAVE

Largo_03 Key:

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ+-012345678
WVPDEABJKA104:CEAEAF8792NABY6-EGSEDSTURAEEA3NAORHILMNS-LRIIANRE

Maybe Largo_03 is a bit disturbing because of the last sentence. I had the idea that Z killed Paul Stine because on his previous attacks the male victims survied and he wanted to catch up.

Best regards
Largo

 
Posted : December 2, 2016 12:44 am
Jarlve
(@jarlve)
Posts: 2547
Famed Member
 

Hi Jarlve! It is really great to see you back here. I look forward to your new releases and posts!

Thanks Dave.

yes, I try to create a command line version of your solver in C++. Since I wrote a library in python to test my transpositioning ideas it would be great to send my results directly to your solver instead of starting a gui. If I had a command line version I also could "evolve" my ideas or use some kind of hill climbing instead of testing all permutations.

Would that mean the command line executable has to be restarted for each new variation your main program summons? And thus ngrams have to be reloaded time upon time or can you keep it in memory somehow. Thanks for your ciphers.

AZdecrypt

 
Posted : December 3, 2016 1:18 am
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